- birus — virus (Slovenian / slovenščina)
- Izredno majhnih organizmov, ki okužijo rastline, živali in bakterije, izven tkiva gostitelja se ne morejo razmnoževati. Popolnoma razvit virus je sestavljen iz nukleinskih kislin (DNK ali RNA), ki so obdane s proteini in tekočo (maščobno) oblogo. Nukleinska kislina virusa ovira mehanizem sintentiziranja nukleinske kisline v celici gostitelja, tako da ta proizvaja več virusne nukleinske kisline. Virusi so povzročitelji različnih bolezni (npr. mozaična bolezen pri mnogih kultiviranih rastlinah, miksomatoza, bolezni nog in ust, prehlad, pljučnica, ošpice, otroška paraliza). Več rastlinskih virusov prenašajo žuželke, nekatere pa črvi. Živalski virusi se razširjajo s kontaktom, kapljično infekcijo ali s prenašalci bakterij, nekateri pa se razširjajo z izmenjavo telesnih tekočin.
(Vir: ALL)
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